National Institutes of Health Director Jay Bhattacharya was appointed acting director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on February 18, 2026, while retaining his NIH role. He replaces Jim O'Neill, who departed February 13 as part of a broader HHS restructuring. O'Neill is expected to be nominated to lead the National Science Foundation.
The CDC has experienced rapid leadership turnover: Senate-confirmed Director Susan Monarez was removed in August 2025 after less than a month, following disputes with HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. over vaccine policy changes. Monarez testified she was fired for refusing to sign off on new vaccine recommendations without underlying scientific data.
Bhattacharya is a physician and health economist who co-authored the Great Barrington Declaration in October 2020, which argued against broad COVID lockdowns in favor of protecting vulnerable populations while allowing others to resume normal life. The declaration drew criticism from public health officials at the time. He has testified before Congress that childhood measles vaccination is the best response to the current outbreak and that he has seen no evidence linking vaccines to autism.
The broader HHS restructuring also elevated Chris Klomp to chief counselor overseeing all HHS operations, and moved FDA deputy commissioners to new senior counselor roles. Administration officials have described the changes as preparation for midterm elections, with health policy expected to be a central issue.